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- #CARD:Croatia:Geography
- #IMAGE 49 66 TWPCX \maps\Croatia.PCX
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK Click Here for MAP
- Croatia
- Geography
-
-
- Location:
- Southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula, bordering the Adriatic Sea,
- between Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Map references:
- Africa, Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe, Standard Time Zones of the
- World
- Area:
- total area:
- 56,538 km2
- land area:
- 56,410 km2
- comparative area:
- slightly smaller than West Virginia
- Land boundaries:
- total 1,843 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina (east) 751 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- (southeast) 91 km, Hungary 292 km, Serbia and Montenegro 254 km (239 km with
- Serbia; 15 km with Montenego), Slovenia 455 km
- Coastline:
- 5,790 km (mainland 1,778 km, islands 4,012 km)
- Maritime claims:
- continental shelf:
- 200 m depth or to depth of exploitation
- exclusive economic zone:
- 12 nm
- exclusive fishing zone:
- 12 nm
- territorial sea:
- 12 nm
- International disputes:
- Serbian enclaves in eastern Croatia and along the western Bosnia and
- Herzegovinian border; dispute with Slovenia over fishing rights in Adriatic
- Climate:
- Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot
- summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast
- Terrain:
- geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains
- and highlands near Adriatic coast, coastline, and islands
- Natural resources:
- oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, natural asphalt,
- silica, mica, clays, salt
- Land use:
- arable land:
- 32%
- permanent crops:
- 20%
- meadows and pastures:
- 18%
- forest and woodland:
- 15%
- other:
- 15%
- Irrigated land:
- NA km2
- Environment:
- air pollution from metallurgical plants; damaged forest; coastal pollution
- from industrial and domestic waste; subject to frequent and destructive
- earthquakes
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:Geography
- #IMAGE 49 66 TWPCX \maps\Croatia.PCX
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK Click Here for MAP
- Croatia
- Geography
- Note:
- controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish
- Straits
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:People
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Croatia
- People
-
-
- Population:
- 4,694,398 (July 1993 est.)
- Population growth rate:
- 0.07% (1993 est.)
- Birth rate:
- 11.38 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
- Death rate:
- 10.73 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
- Net migration rate:
- 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
- Infant mortality rate:
- 9 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- total population:
- 73.19 years
- male:
- 69.7 years
- female:
- 76.89 years (1993 est.)
- Total fertility rate:
- 1.66 children born/woman (1993 est.)
- Nationality:
- noun:
- Croat(s)
- adjective:
- Croatian
- Ethnic divisions:
- Croat 78%, Serb 12%, Muslim 0.9%, Hungarian 0.5%, Slovenian 0.5%, others
- 8.1%
- Religions:
- Catholic 76.5%, Orthodox 11.1%, Slavic Muslim 1.2%, Protestant 1.4%, others
- and unknown 9.8%
- Languages:
- Serbo-Croatian 96%, other 4%
- Literacy:
- total population:
- NA%
- male:
- NA%
- female:
- NA%
- Labor force:
- 1,509,489
- by occupation:
- industry and mining 37%, agriculture 16% (1981 est.), government NA%, other
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:Government
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Croatia
- Government
-
-
- Names:
- conventional long form:
- Republic of Croatia
- conventional short form:
- Croatia
- local long form:
- Republika Hrvatska
- local short form:
- Hrvatska
- Digraph:
- HR
- Type:
- parliamentary democracy
- Capital:
- Zagreb
- Administrative divisions:
- 100 districts (opcine, singular - opcina) Beli Manastir, Biograd (Biograd Na
- Moru), Bielovar, Bjelovar, Brac, Buje, Buzet, Cabar, Cakovec, Cazma, Cres
- Losinj, Crikvenica, Daruvar, Delnice, Djakovo (Dakovo), Donja Stubica, Donji
- Lapac, Dordevac, Drnis, Dubrovnik, Duga Resa, Dugo Selo, Dvor, Garesnica,
- Glina, Gospic, Gracac, Grubisno Polje, Hvar, Imotski, Ivanec, Ivanic-Grad,
- Jastrebarsko, Karlovac, Klanjec, Knin, Koprivnica, Korcula, Kostajnica,
- Krapina, Krizevci, Krk, Kutina, Labin, Lastovo, Ludbreg, Makarska, Metkovic,
- Nova Gradiska, Novi Marof, Novska, Obrovac, Ogulin, Omis, Opatija,
- Orahovica, Osijek, Otocac, Ozalj, Pag, Pazin, Petrinja, Ploce (Kardeljevo),
- Podravska Slatina, Porec, Pregrada, Pukrac, Pula, Rab, Rijeka, Rovinj,
- Samobor (part of Zagreb), Senj, Sesvete, Sibenik, Sinj, Sisak, Slavonska
- Pozega, Slavonski Brod, Slunj, Split (Solin, Kastela), Titova Korenica,
- Trogir, Valpovo, Varazdin, Vinkovci, Virovitica, Vukovar, Vis, Vojnic,
- Vrborsko, Vrbovec, Vrgin-Most, Vrgorac, Zabok, Zadar, Zagreb (Grad Zagreb),
- Zelina (Sveti Ivan Zelina), Zlatar Bistrica, Zupanja
- Independence:
- NA June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
- Constitution:
- adopted on 2 December 1991
- Legal system:
- based on civil law system
- National holiday:
- Statehood Day, 30 May (1990)
- Political parties and leaders:
- Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), Stjepan MESIC, chairman of the executive
- council; Croatian People's Party (HNS), Savka DABCEVIC-KUCAR, president;
- Croatian Christian Democratic Party (HKDS), Ivan CESAR, president; Croatian
- Party of Rights, Dobroslav PARAGA; Croatian Social Liberal Party (HSLS),
- Drazen BUDISA, president; Croatian Peasant Party (HSS), leader NA; Istrian
- Democratic Assembly (IDS), leader NA; Social-Democratic Party (SDP), leader
- NA; Croatian National Party (PNS), leader NA
- Other political or pressure groups:
- NA
- Suffrage:
- 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal
- Elections:
- President:
- last held 4 August 1992 (next to be held NA); Franjo TUDJMAN reelected with
- about 56% of the vote; Dobroslav PARAGA 5%
- House of Parishes:
- last held 7 February 1993 (next to be held NA February 1997); seats - (68
- total; 63 elected, 5 presidentially appointed) HDZ 37, HSLS 16, HSS 5, IDS
- 3, SDP 1, PNS 1
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:Government
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Croatia
- Government
- Chamber of Deputies:
- last held NA August 1992 (next to be held NA August 1996); seats - (138
- total) 87 HDZ
- Executive branch:
- president, prime minister, deputy prime ministers, cabinet
- Legislative branch:
- bicameral Parliament consists of an upper house or House of Parishes
- (Zupanije Dom) and a lower house or Chamber of Deputies (Predstavnicke Dom)
- Judicial branch:
- Supreme Court, Constitutional Court
- Leaders:
- Chief of State:
- President Franjo TUDJMAN (since 30 May 1990)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Nikica VALENTIC (since NA April 1993); Deputy Prime Ministers
- Mate GRANIC, Vladimir SEKS, Borislav SKEGRO (since NA)
- Member of:
- CEI, CSCE, ECE, ICAO, IMO, IOM (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU,
- WHO
- Diplomatic representation in US:
- chief of mission:
- Ambassador Peter A. SARCEVIC
- chancery:
- 2356 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20036
- telephone:
- (202) 543-5586
- US diplomatic representation:
- chief of mission:
- (vacant)
- embassy:
- Andrije Hebranga 2, Zagreb
- mailing address:
- AMEMB Unit 25402, APO AE 09213-5080
- telephone:
- [38] (41) 444-800
- FAX:
- [38] (41) 440-235
- Flag:
- red, white, and blue horizontal bands with Croatian coat of arms (red and
- white checkered)
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:Economy
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Croatia
- Economy
-
-
- Overview:
- Before the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the republic of Croatia, after
- Slovenia, was the most prosperous and industrialized area, with a per capita
- output roughly comparable to that of Portugal and perhaps one-third above
- the Yugoslav average. Croatian Serb Nationalists control approximately one
- third of the Croatian territory, and one of the overriding determinants of
- Croatia's long-term political and economic prospects will be the resolution
- of this territorial dispute. Croatia faces monumental problems stemming
- from: the legacy of longtime Communist mismanagement of the economy; large
- foreign debt; damage during the fighting to bridges, factories, powerlines,
- buildings, and houses; the large refugee population, both Croatian and
- Bosnian; and the disruption of economic ties to Serbia and the other former
- Yugoslav republics, as well as within its own territory. At the minimum,
- extensive Western aid and investment, especially in the tourist and oil
- industries, would seem necessary to salvage a desperate economic situation.
- However, peace and political stability must come first. As of June 1993,
- fighting continues among Croats, Serbs, and Muslims, and national boundaries
- and final political arrangements are still in doubt.
- National product:
- GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $26.3 billion (1991 est.)
- National product real growth rate:
- -25% (1991 est.)
- National product per capita:
- $5,600 (1991 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices):
- 50% (monthly rate, December 1992)
- Unemployment rate:
- 20% (December 1991 est.)
- Budget:
- revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
- Exports:
- $2.9 billion (1990)
- commodities:
- machinery and transport equipment 30%, other manufacturers 37%, chemicals
- 11%, food and live animals 9%, raw materials 6.5%, fuels and lubricants 5%
- partners:
- principally the other former Yugoslav republics
- Imports:
- $4.4 billion (1990)
- commodities:
- machinery and transport equipment 21%, fuels and lubricants 19%, food and
- live animals 16%, chemicals 14%, manufactured goods 13%, miscellaneous
- manufactured articles 9%, raw materials 6.5%, beverages and tobacco 1%
- partners:
- principally other former Yugoslav republics
- External debt:
- $2.6 billion (will assume some part of foreign debt of former Yugoslavia)
- Industrial production:
- growth rate -29% (1991 est.)
- Electricity:
- 3,570,000 kW capacity; 11,500 million kWh produced, 2,400 kWh per capita
- (1992)
- Industries:
- chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig
- iron and rolled steel products, aluminum reduction, paper, wood products
- (including furniture), building materials (including cement), textiles,
- shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food processing and
- beverages
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:Economy
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Croatia
- Economy
- Agriculture:
- Croatia normally produces a food surplus; most agricultural land in private
- hands and concentrated in Croat-majority districts in Slavonia and Istria;
- much of Slavonia's land has been put out of production by fighting; wheat,
- corn, sugar beets, sunflowers, alfalfa, and clover are main crops in
- Slavonia; central Croatian highlands are less fertile but support cereal
- production, orchards, vineyards, livestock breeding, and dairy farming;
- coastal areas and offshore islands grow olives, citrus fruits, and
- vegetables
- Economic aid:
- $NA
- Currency:
- 1 Croatian dinar (CD) = 100 paras
- Exchange rates:
- Croatian dinar per US $1 - 60.00 (April 1992)
- Fiscal year:
- calendar year
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:Communications
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Croatia
- Communications
-
-
- Railroads:
- 2,592 km of standard guage (1.435 m) of which 864 km are electrified (1992);
- note - disrupted by territorial dispute
- Highways:
- 32,071 km total; 23,305 km paved, 8,439 km gravel, 327 km earth (1990); note
- - key highways note disrupted because of territorial dispute
- Inland waterways:
- 785 km perennially navigable
- Pipelines:
- crude oil 670 km, petroleum products 20 km, natural gas 310 km (1992); note
- - now disrupted because of territorial dispute
- Ports:
- coastal - Rijeka, Split, Kardeljevo (Ploce); inland - Vukovar, Osijek,
- Sisak, Vinkovci
- Merchant marine:
- 18 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 77,074 GRT/93,052 DWT; includes 4
- cargo, 1 roll-on/roll-off, 10 passenger ferries, 2 bulk, 1 oil tanker; note
- - also controlled by Croatian shipowners are 198 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
- under flags of convenience - primarily Malta and St. Vincent - totaling
- 2,602,678 GRT/4,070,852 DWT; includes 89 cargo, 9 roll-on/ roll-off, 6
- refrigerated cargo, 14 container, 3 multifunction large load carriers, 51
- bulk, 5 passenger, 11 oil tanker, 4 chemical tanker, 6 service vessel
- Airports:
- total:
- 75
- usable:
- 72
- with permanent-surface runways:
- 15
- with runways over 3,659 m:
- 0
- with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
- 10
- with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
- 5
- Telecommunications:
- 350,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 14 AM, 8 FM, 12 (2 repeaters) TV;
- 1,100,000 radios; 1,027,000 TVs; NA submarine coaxial cables; satellite
- ground stations - none
-
- #ENDCARD
- #CARD:Croatia:Defense Forces
- THE WORLD FACTBOOK
- Croatia
- Defense Forces
-
-
- Branches:
- Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces
- Manpower availability:
- males age 15-49 1,177,029; fit for military service 943,259; reach military
- age (19) annually 32,873 (1993 est.)
- Defense expenditures:
- 337-393 billion Croatian dinars, NA% of GDP (1993 est.); note - conversion
- of defense expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate
- could produce misleading results
-
- #ENDCARD
-